When does a cookie with expiration time 'At end of session' expire?

When the expiry time of a cookie is set to 'session end', it expires when the user closes the browser. Such cookies are typically known as session cookies. Session cookies are primarily used to temporarily store information during a user's visit to a website, such as maintaining the user's login status. Once the user closes the browser, all session cookies are deleted, and the user's session ends. For example, imagine you're using an online shopping website. While browsing, the website may use session cookies to track items in your shopping cart. As long as the browser remains open, you can add or remove items from the cart at any time. However, if you close the browser, the shopping cart information is typically lost because the session cookies storing this data have expired. When you reopen the browser and visit the website again, you'll find the shopping cart is empty and you must restart the shopping process. This mechanism ensures user privacy by not requiring long-term retention of sensitive information, while also enabling the website to provide personalized experiences for each user session.