What is a thread in Java?
In Java, a thread is a single unit of execution within a program. It serves as the fundamental unit for implementing multitasking and concurrent execution. Each thread can execute independently without interference and handle tasks concurrently to enhance program performance.Threads in Java can be created by inheriting the class or implementing the interface. When using the class, create a new subclass that overrides its method, instantiate the subclass, and call the method to initiate the thread. When using the interface, implement the method of the interface, pass an instance of the implementation to the constructor, and call the method.ExamplesInheriting the class:Implementing the interface:Importance and Applications of ThreadsIn modern programming, thread usage is widespread, especially for time-consuming tasks such as network communication, file operations, or big data processing. By utilizing threads, these tasks can run in the background without blocking the main thread, ensuring the application remains responsive and smooth. For instance, in GUI (Graphical User Interface) applications, long-running computations or I/O operations are often handled by background threads to prevent the interface from freezing.In summary, threads in Java are essential for achieving concurrency and improving program performance. They enable multiple tasks to run simultaneously, but require proper management and synchronization to avoid resource conflicts and data inconsistencies.