How to Monitor and Debug Serverless Architecture?

While Serverless architecture simplifies operations, it faces unique challenges in monitoring and debugging:

Monitoring challenges:

1. Distributed tracing: Complex function call chains make it difficult to track complete request paths
2. Metrics collection: Traditional monitoring tools struggle to adapt to stateless, short-lived functions
3. Log aggregation: Logs are scattered across multiple function instances, making centralized analysis difficult
4. Performance monitoring: Metrics like cold start latency and execution time fluctuations are difficult to measure accurately

Debugging challenges:

1. Local development environment: Difficult to fully simulate cloud execution environment
2. Error tracking: Scene information may be lost after function execution fails
3. Breakpoint debugging: Cannot set breakpoints like traditional applications
4. Dependency issues: Cloud dependency versions may differ from local versions

Solutions:

1. Use Serverless monitoring tools: Such as AWS X-Ray, Datadog, New Relic
2. Structured logging: Use JSON format logs for easy query and analysis
3. Distributed tracing: Integrate OpenTelemetry or Jaeger
4. Local development frameworks: Use Serverless Framework, SAM CLI and other tools
5. Error handling mechanisms: Implement comprehensive error capture and reporting mechanisms

Candidates should be able to share monitoring and debugging solutions used in actual projects, as well as problems encountered and solutions.