Integrating Docker containers with monitoring systems enables comprehensive observability. Monitoring components: 1) metrics collection: Prometheus, cAdvisor, Node Exporter; 2) log collection: ELK Stack, Fluentd, Loki; 3) distributed tracing: Jaeger, Zipkin; 4) visualization: Grafana, Kibana. Deployment methods: use Docker Compose or Kubernetes to deploy monitoring stack, configure data persistence, set up alerting rules. Best practices: use unified labeling and naming conventions, configure reasonable sampling rates, implement log and metric correlation, set alert thresholds, regularly test alerts.