SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) is a vector graphics format based on XML with the following core characteristics:
1. Vector Nature
- SVG uses mathematical descriptions (paths, shapes, text) to define graphics, not pixels
- Can be scaled infinitely without losing quality, maintaining clarity at any resolution
- File sizes are typically smaller than raster formats (like PNG, JPG)
2. XML Foundation
- SVG is an XML-based markup language that can be directly embedded in HTML
- Can be styled and manipulated through CSS and JavaScript
- Supports standard DOM operations and event handling
3. Accessibility
- SVG content can be indexed by search engines
- Supports screen readers for better accessibility
- Can include title and desc elements for descriptive information
4. Performance Benefits
- Can be further compressed using gzip
- Supports progressive rendering
- Can be inlined in HTML, reducing HTTP requests
5. Animation and Interaction
- Supports SMIL animations and CSS animations
- Complex interactive effects can be implemented via JavaScript
- Supports event listeners (click, hover, etc.)
6. Browser Compatibility
- All modern browsers natively support SVG
- Can be used as img, object, embed, or inline elements
- Good mobile device compatibility
SVG is particularly suitable for icons, charts, logos, illustrations, and other graphics requiring high-quality scaling.