Redis is an in-memory key-value store database with the following main features:
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High Performance: Redis stores all data in memory, providing extremely fast read and write speeds, capable of handling over 100,000 operations per second on a single machine.
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Rich Data Structures: Redis supports multiple data types including String, Hash, List, Set, ZSet (Sorted Set), Bitmap, HyperLogLog, Geo (Geospatial), and more.
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Persistence Support: Redis provides two persistence methods:
- RDB (Redis Database): Generates point-in-time snapshots of the dataset at specified time intervals
- AOF (Append Only File): Records every write operation command received by the server
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Atomic Operations: All Redis operations are atomic, meaning they either execute completely or not at all.
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Transaction Support: Redis supports transaction functionality through commands like MULTI, EXEC, DISCARD, and WATCH.
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Master-Slave Replication: Redis supports master-slave replication, enabling read-write separation and high availability.
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Cluster Support: Redis Cluster provides data sharding and automatic failover capabilities, supporting horizontal scaling.
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Pub/Sub: Redis includes a built-in publish/subscribe messaging system for message broadcasting.
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Lua Scripting: Redis supports Lua scripts, allowing complex operations to be executed on the server side.
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Memory Optimization: Redis employs various memory optimization techniques such as shared objects and compressed lists to effectively reduce memory usage.
Redis is commonly used for caching, session storage, message queues, leaderboards, counters, real-time analytics systems, and more. Due to its high performance and rich data structures, Redis has become an indispensable component in modern application architectures.