Deploying Docker containers with databases requires special attention to data persistence and performance optimization. Deployment methods: 1) use volumes to persist database data; 2) use official or optimized database images; 3) set reasonable resource limits (memory, CPU); 4) configure appropriate storage drivers (overlay2); 5) use init systems (such as tini) to manage processes; 6) configure database parameters to adapt to container environments. Performance optimization: use host network mode to reduce network overhead, use local storage instead of network storage, adjust database cache configuration. Considerations: regularly backup data, monitor database performance, avoid storing sensitive information in containers, use health checks to ensure database availability.