Docker volumes are mechanisms for persisting container data, independent of the container lifecycle. Volume types include: bind mount (mounting a host directory to a container), volume (storage managed by Docker), tmpfs mount (stored in memory). Use the -v or --mount parameter to create volumes. Advantages of volumes include: data persistence, data sharing between containers, easy backup and migration. Volumes are not automatically deleted when containers are removed; you need to use docker volume rm to delete them manually.