What are the VS Code terminal integration features? - 面试题

VS Code has built-in powerful terminal integration features, allowing direct use of command line tools within the editor without switching windows, greatly improving development efficiency.

Terminal Basics

Opening Terminal

Shortcut: Ctrl+` (backtick)
Menu: View > Terminal
Command Palette: Terminal: Create New Terminal

Multi-terminal Management

Create new terminal: + button in top-right of terminal panel
Switch terminals: Click terminal tabs or use shortcuts
Split terminal: Split button in top-right of terminal panel

Terminal Configuration

Terminal Type Configuration

json
{
  "terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.windows": "PowerShell",
  "terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.osx": "zsh",
  "terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.linux": "bash"
}

Terminal Appearance Configuration

json
{
  "terminal.integrated.fontSize": 13,
  "terminal.integrated.fontFamily": "Menlo, Monaco, 'Courier New'",
  "terminal.integrated.lineHeight": 1.2,
  "terminal.integrated.cursorBlinking": true,
  "terminal.integrated.cursorStyle": "block"
}

Terminal Color Configuration

json
{
  "workbench.colorCustomizations": {
    "terminal.ansiBlack": "#000000",
    "terminal.ansiRed": "#cd3131",
    "terminal.ansiGreen": "#0dbc79",
    "terminal.ansiYellow": "#e5e510",
    "terminal.ansiBlue": "#2472c8",
    "terminal.ansiMagenta": "#bc3fbc",
    "terminal.ansiCyan": "#11a8cd",
    "terminal.ansiWhite": "#e5e5e5"
  }
}

Terminal Operations

Common Shortcuts

Ctrl+`: Toggle terminal visibility
Ctrl+Shift+`: Create new terminal
Ctrl+1/2/3...: Switch to specific terminal
Ctrl+Shift+1/2/3...: Focus on specific terminal
Ctrl+C: Terminate current command
Ctrl+Shift+C: Copy terminal content
Ctrl+Shift+V: Paste to terminal

Terminal Command History

Up/Down Arrow: Browse command history
Ctrl+R: Search command history
Ctrl+G: Exit search mode

Terminal Scrolling

Shift+PageUp/PageDown: Fast scrolling
Ctrl+Home/End: Jump to start/end

Terminal Integration Features

Opening Files from Terminal

bash
# Execute in terminal
code filename.js
code .

Selecting Text from Terminal

Use mouse to select text
Automatically copy to clipboard
Support multi-line selection

Terminal Links

File paths in terminal are clickable
Automatically open corresponding files
Support line number jumping

Task Integration

Running Commands from Tasks

json
{
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "label": "Run Tests",
      "type": "shell",
      "command": "npm test",
      "presentation": {
        "reveal": "always",
        "panel": "new"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Task Configuration Options

reveal: When to show terminal (always, silent, never)
panel: Which terminal to use (shared, new, dedicated)
focus: Whether to focus terminal
clear: Whether to clear terminal content

Terminal Environment

Environment Variable Configuration

json
{
  "terminal.integrated.env.windows": {
    "PATH": "${env:PATH};C:\\myapp\\bin"
  },
  "terminal.integrated.env.osx": {
    "PATH": "${env:PATH}:/usr/local/myapp/bin"
  }
}

Working Directory Configuration

json
{
  "terminal.integrated.cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
}

Advanced Features

Terminal Shell Integration

Automatically detect Shell type
Support custom Shell scripts
Provide intelligent prompts

Terminal Profiles

Create custom terminal configuration:

json
{
  "terminal.integrated.profiles.windows": {
    "PowerShell": {
      "source": "PowerShell",
      "icon": "terminal-powershell"
    },
    "Git Bash": {
      "path": "C:\\Program Files\\Git\\bin\\bash.exe",
      "args": ["--login"]
    }
  }
}

Terminal API

Operate terminal in extensions:

typescript
const terminal = vscode.window.createTerminal('My Terminal');
terminal.sendText('echo Hello World');
terminal.show();

Common Shell Configurations

PowerShell

json
{
  "terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.windows": "PowerShell",
  "powershell.integrated.consoleTitleTemplate": "PowerShell: ${cwd}"
}

Git Bash

json
{
  "terminal.integrated.profiles.windows": {
    "Git Bash": {
      "path": "C:\\Program Files\\Git\\bin\\bash.exe",
      "args": ["--login", "-i"]
    }
  }
}

WSL

json
{
  "terminal.integrated.profiles.windows": {
    "WSL": {
      "path": "wsl.exe",
      "args": ["-d", "Ubuntu"]
    }
  }
}

Important Notes

Terminal sessions end when VS Code closes
Long-running commands may affect performance
Pay attention to terminal command security
Use terminal history wisely
Consider using terminal extensions for enhanced functionality