How Git Resolves Rebase Conflicts?

When using Git for version control, rebase is a common operation that helps reapply changes from one branch to another. However, during this process, you may encounter code conflicts. Here are the steps to resolve rebase conflicts:

Start Rebase Assume you're rebasing the feature branch onto the main branch. Begin by running the command:

bash
git rebase main

Resolve Conflicts If conflicts occur during the rebase, Git will pause the process and allow you to resolve them. Use git status to identify the conflicted files.

Edit Files to Resolve Conflicts Next, open the conflicted files and locate sections marked with conflict indicators, typically enclosed by <<<<<<<, ======, and >>>>>>. Decide which changes to keep or merge based on the context.

For example, suppose there is a conflict in the file example.py:

python
<<<<<<< HEAD
print('This is the code from feature branch.')
======
print('This code is from main branch.')
>>>>>> main

Decide which version to keep or merge.

Mark Conflicts as Resolved Once all conflicts are resolved, mark the files as resolved using git add <file>. For instance:

bash
git add example.py

Continue Rebase Run git rebase --continue to resume the rebase process.

Repeat Steps if Necessary If additional conflicts need to be resolved, repeat steps 2-5 until all conflicts are resolved.

Complete Rebase Once all conflicts are resolved, the rebase completes, and your feature branch is now based on the latest commit of the main branch.

This approach ensures code integration and minimizes issues arising from branch merging. The process demands careful attention and patience, as correctly resolving conflicts is essential for project stability.